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751Un reportage de Marin Chulov dans le Guardian du 8 septembre 2013 est évidemment d’un très grand intérêt, même si, réflexion faite, il ne peut surprendre personne une seule seconde. Chulov a rencontré divers groupes djihadistes plus ou moins affiliés à ce que l’on a coutume de nommer al Qaïda. Sacrifions donc à la coutume et parlons d’al Qaïda. (Cela se passe en Syrie, précisons.)
Tous ces gens, bien implantés, se préparent à l’attaque US. Les circonstances ne souffrent aucune discussion : pour ces rebelles, l’attaque US lancée contre Assad signifie qu’ils vont avoir un ennemi de plus, et il s’agit des USA, et le bloc BAO en général dans la foulée. (“L’attaque qu’ils préparent contre Assad est un prétexte pour nous attaquer”, – citation dans le texte.) Effectivement, à lire le reportage, on ne doute pas une seconde que les USA sont, de très loin, leur “meilleur ennemi”, celui contre lequel se livrera la bataille suprême. Au reste, les USA ils connaissent, puisqu’ils viennent d’Irak, d’Afghanistan, et d’ailleurs de partout, et bien sûr de Libye où le bloc BAO était de leur côté sans que jamais ils n’aient cessé de le considérer, le bloc, comme leur ennemi, – les “infidèles”, c’est tout dire.
Bien qu’il n’y ait là encore aucune surprise à éprouver devant ce très étrange mélange des genres et des intentions, on doit tout de même rester songeurs devant cette bien étrange époque. Il faudrait les mettre ensemble, les Abu Abid et les Abu Ismail, avec Obama, Kerry et McCain, et qu’ils débitent leurs discours variés, les uns avec leurs Kalachnikov, les autres avec leurs Tomahawk, et tous avec des dollars nécessairement saoudiens. On imagine, tout aussi nécessairement, que BHL serait appelé comme interprète et conciliateur. Dans leurs éructations diverses, on comprendrait qu’ils défendent tous la civilisation qu’on peut en complotant, et l’on aurait ainsi une bien étrange et peut-être pas si fausse image du chaos du monde.
«When Barack Obama vowed to attack Bashar al-Assad, several thousand jihadists on the plains of northern Syria knew exactly what to do. Ever since, they have been hiding their big guns, evacuating bases, parking cars in cow sheds and spreading themselves thin among farms, factories and the communities that reluctantly host them. “We have learned the lessons from Iraq,” said Abu Ismail, a leader of the main jihadist group in the north-east of the country, known to some now as the Islamic state of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). “Iraq has made us better fighters.”
»While Syria's mainstream rebels are enthusiastically welcoming talk of an American attack as a chance to break the stalemate, the jihadist groups among them see things through a very different prism, in which my enemy’s enemy is not necessarily my friend. All across the north, al-Qaida and its affiliates are on a war footing; a rank and file convinced that an old foe is coming their way and that if and when the US air force does attack, they will have little trouble staying out of its way.
»“There are many among us [who] fought in Iraq and Afghanistan,” said a second jihadist, a 26-year-old softly spoken Saudi, who called himself Abu Abid. “Our emir knows how to deal with them. And all know that while the Americans say they want to attack the regime, we are their real enemy.” Abu Abid was speaking inside a roadhouse east of Aleppo, where he and other jihadists whom he says “come from every country you could imagine” gather to eat, and drink tea or coffee. [...]
»One lesson from Iraq, however, is embraced by many Syrians: the Awakening Movement, also known as the Sahawa, that drove al-Qaida out of Anbar province in 2007. “We need the same thing here,” said a senior member of the Liwa al-Tawheed. “They want to kidnap this revolution. Maybe they already have. But don't mistake all the black flags you see for community support. We just don't have the stomach to fight them now. And who could we hope to support us even if we did? America? Europe? Shame on them. Do they not see that Syria will drag down the whole Middle East?”
»ISIS's leader, Abu Ismail sees little threat from an Awakening Movement in Syria. Himself an Iraqi, a veteran of al-Qaida's operations in his homeland, he said: “We are good with the people here. If an emir does something wrong he will be punished according to the sharia too. There is not one rule for us and one for the people. A Sahawa is not something that we think about.”
»When the Guardian spoke to Abu Ismail last November he was a new arrival to the Liwa al-Tawheed, which, though Islamic, fights for a new leadership in Syria and broadly embraces the worldview of the Free Syrian Army. With his new status as local emir, or prince, he claims that momentum for a regional jihad – which aims to install a strict interpretation of sharia law and create a caliphate on a crumbling nation state – is building. “If you control this part of Syria, you control all the Middle East,” he said.
»“The fight here is more difficult than Iraq. We have the regime, Hezbollah, the Lebanese army, the Shabiha, the Shia mercenaries, Iran, all of them fighting us. And now maybe the Americans. We know how to defeat their air force. We know how to manoeuvre and hide from them. Their number one goal is to prevent the mujahideen getting access to strategic weapons. The planned attack on Assad is a pretence to attack us.”
»In Aleppo city, where the influence of ISIS has also risen – at the expense of rival jihadist group, Jabhat al-Nusra – preparations are well underway for a US strike. Outside the group's main base – which ISIS took over from al-Nusra in May – a fighter sat on an anti-aircraft gun truck, two turrets pointing towards a vacant blue sky. Two other men pushed children away from a corner near what the group calls its green zone. More fighters were hidden behind canopies and car wrecks near by.
»As Obama ponders, al-Qaida and its affiliates are less visible in the north than recently. Checkpoints they set up on main roads are empty now or manned by cadres who do very little checking. “What emerges after the Americans are finished with Bashar and maybe al-Qaida will tell us whether we are on our own until we perish,” said the Liwa al-Tawheed leader. “Or whether the world now knows that if either of these two win, we all lose.” He looked into his hands, inhaled deeply and asked: “Do you think we should evacuate our homes too? We hear a lot of talk about drones. Maybe the Americans truly don't know who their friends are. To them, we are all the same. People to demonise and ignore.”»
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