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1394Parmi les divers éléments changeants, sinon tourbillonnants, de la situation au Moyen-Orient, autour de la crise syrienne et après la grande parade déstabilisatrice de la séquence paroxystique du 21 août-10 septembre, il faut signaler les indications persistantes d’un changement peut-être radical de la politique du Qatar vis-à-vis de la Syrie. Ce changement se place dans la logique de l’ébranlement de l’“alliance” Turquie-Qatar-Arabie formée pour soutenir les rebelles anti-Assad, de l’échec terrible et sans doute décisif pour elle qu’a constitué le tournant Russie-USA, avec l’accord sur la destruction de l’armement chimique syrien (plan proposé par les Russes le 10 septembre 2013).
Les sources citées ici sont de deux origines, toutes deux du côté du soutien de Assad, mais il semble bien que le point fondamental de l’évolution radicale de la politique qatari soit clairement confirmé. Il s’agit d’un passage d’une position d’hostilité déclaré au régime d’Assad, avec soutien des rebelles, à des propositions allant jusqu’à la normalisation des relations du Qatar avec la Syrie. Assad n’y serait pas opposé. Certains pays du bloc BAO, notamment la France qui base son antagonisme avec Assad sur une politique de proximité, et en général grandement intéressée, du Qatar, se trouvent devant un classique contrepied dont leurs “politiques” sans le moindre fondement ni principes sont des productrices constantes. Les USA ne sont sans doute pas au courant puisque, comme le signale Tymothy Garton-Ash, ils ont de la peine à réaliser qu’il existe une entité nommée the Rest Of the World.
• La première citation est du journal quotidien de gauche As Safir, indépendant mais clairement engagé en faveur du Hezbollah, et hostile à la politique du bloc BAO. La nouvelle date du 13 octobre 2013, sur le site du journal, sous le titre «Qatari Emir Reportedly Contacts Al-Asad via Palestinian Official, Signals Policy Change»
«Palestinian sources in Syria have revealed that Fatah Central Committee member Abbas Zaki relayed to the Syrian President Bashar al-Asad a letter from Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim Bin-Hamad Al Thani in which the latter expresses a desire to improve relations with Damascus. The sources added that Zaki’s visit to Damascus and his meeting with Al-Asad on 7 October were not related to the dire conditions of Palestinians in Damascus or to Palestinian-Syrian relations, but centered on the state of Qatar and its foreign policy. [...]
»Palestinian sources told Al-Safir that Sheikh Tamim had called President Mahmud Abbas in August and invited him for a meeting in Doha. Abbas indeed visited Doha for one day on 28 August and met with Sheikh Tamim, who asked him to call Al-Asad in order to deflate tensions with the Syrian authorities and inform the Syrian leadership that Qatar will be gradually adopting a new foreign policy, but will not be introducing radical changes to its policy during the coming period. As for the delay in sending a Palestinian delegate to Syria for this aim, it had to do with the events that unfolded in Syria during the time between Abbas’s meeting with the Qatari emir and Abbas Zaki`s visit to Damascus.»
• La seconde citation est du
«Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani`s expressed interest in improving ties with Syria, indicates that the coalition of Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Qatar against the Syrian government is on the verge of collapse. Ever since the Syrian crisis began on 15 March 2011, the countries of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Turkey not only created an anti-Syrian coalition, they played a completely destructive role in this crisis.
»According to estimates from foreign media, Saudi Arabia and Qatar, which are considered two rival countries in the region, have so far provided Salafi terrorist groups in Syria with more than $36 billion in financial aid. However, with the passage of time and the Syrian army regaining important parts of this country’s territory and the revelation of signs of defeat among terrorist groups, Qatar has increased its distance from Ankara and Riyadh. The withdrawal of Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani from power and his replacement with his son, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani, the new emir of Qatar, has been influential in this political turnabout. [...] Now that US and EU policies concerning Syria have undergone changes and in view of the later’s cooperation in the destruction of weapons of mass destruction, the government of Qatar had no choice but to separate its path from Turkey and Saudi Arabia. In an overall review of its policies toward Syria, the emir of Qatar has sent a message to Bashar Assad, the Syrian president, announcing his readiness to resume political ties with Damascus. This message was recently delivered to the Syrian president by Abbas Zaki, a prominent member of Fatah and one of the close colleagues of Mahmoud Abbas, head of the Palestinian National Authority, in their meeting in Damascus.
»Although the Syrian government has so far not shown any reaction to Qatar’s interest in giving up its past policies regarding Syria, it seems that Damascus is not opposed to the normalization of ties with Doha. Should the relationship between Damascus and Doha return to its usual form, Turkey and Saudi Arabia will undoubtedly be extremely isolated in their policies towards Syria. It is natural that faced with this process and domestic and international pressure, Ankara will separate its path from that of Saudi Arabia. Despite the fact that the unholy coalition of Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar against the Syrian government has inflicted great damage on the Syrian nation, the coalition’s collapse indicates that the Syrian government will be able to put the current crisis behind safely. Under such circumstances, as the only crisis initiating factor in Syria, Saudi Arabia will be left alone and become extremely isolated as far as public opinion is concerned.»
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